Abstract: Multifocal, trifocal, and extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL) address patients' needs for multi-distance vision through distinct optical designs. EDOF IOL create an elongated focal point to enhance the depth of focus, achieving continuous vision range that meets intermediate and distance vision demands while reducing optical disturbances such as glare and halos, albeit with slightly compromised near vision. Multifocal EDOF IOL, which integrate multifocal and EDOF technologies, are primarily categorized into multifocal refractive EDOF IOL, multifocal diffractive IOL, and hybrid refractive-diffractive multifocal EDOF IOL based on their optical designs. These IOL enable multi-distance vision while minimizing optical interference, maintaining higher visual quality and contrast sensitivity, thereby offering cataract patients more personalized IOL options. However, neuroadaptation remains a significant challenge for multifocal EDOF IOL, necessitating further research into its mechanisms and solutions in the future.

Key words: Cataract, Intraocular lens, Extend depth-of-focus, Multi-focus